Committee on the Environment

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  • 1.  Sustainability

    Posted 08-30-2011 07:25 AM
    When did architects lose touch with "sustainability?" From the time I first started in an architect's office over 50 years ago, I was taught that architects should design to have the least impact on the environment and everything that affects it. I was taught to stay up-to-date with all technologies and materials that similarly have an impact on the products of our efforts, and the impacts of those porducts on the environment. 

    What changed I think is that we became painfully aware of how quickly we were negatively affecting the environment because we were not staying on top of abilities to improve methods and materials. So someone decided to make "sustainability" a buzzword and to create an industry out of it. That did get things moving more quickly, but it has its own negative wake and backwash.  

    Charles Vishal is absolutely correct - sustainability should be common sense, not some financially driven industry that is costing us time and money away from our practices.
     

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    George Jennings AIA
    G Booker 3
    Tappahannock VA
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  • 2.  RE:Sustainability

    Posted 08-31-2011 09:28 AM

    Architects lost sight of old-fashioned sustainability (along with interest in detailing and contructability) when flashy design and maximizing the program for budget became priorities.  Despite this my projects in higher ed have had many of the features now called "sustainable".
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    Gisela Schmidt
    Atlanta, Georgia
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  • 3.  RE:Sustainability

    Posted 09-01-2011 09:21 AM
    I think sustainability has been highjacked by the gadget concept. We are a product oriented society and if you can purchase a silver bullet and simply insert it into the same old box, then why do we need design? As Architects we must emphasize the importance of using design dollars to achieve the same results that a builder will get from cramming his box with gadgets. Envelope design is by far the most important when it comes to energy efficiency. When we design glass boxes and fill them with gadgets, then we're just as bad. This is a great opportunity for the next "look" using function to design form. 

    FLW wrote a book toward the end of his life in 54 called The Natural House. It's FLW writing, so the reading is painful, but the concepts he speaks of during the birth of unnatural materials, the subdivision, and the builder box are spot on. At GreenPrints this year, we listed the Pros and Cons of Natural materials vs Manmade. At the end of the discussion, all of the Natural materials out scored the Manmade materials by a huge amount. It helped me recognize he was Wright! Plastics, rubbers, asbestos, CFCs, etc have made our lives easier at an expense we're just now beginning to wrap our brains around, but we're already hooked. We have to be careful about our manipulation of Nature. Often the less you do the easier it is to be in harmony. The less complicated the building, the easier to get certified. Aside from materials, he spoke about how his Usonian Houses had the least amount of impact on the site as possible. He designed foundations in Wisconsin that defy recommendation from structural engineers today, but allowed him to dig only 12"-18" in an area where the frost line is several feet underground. Taliesen is still standing with these very shallow footings designed to drain and allow ice expansion underneath them.

    The Natural House may not embody all of our sustainability concepts today, but much of what we're moving away from are these very holistic concepts of thinking of a building and it's site as one integrated thing. Thinking of Nature and our place in it rather than building a fortress to hide from Nature. Our global economy has us using materials from all over the world and ignoring the resources right in front of us. Local labor, economy, materials, etc. are all part of the building process he promoted. Now our products come from China and our labor comes from Mexico and the skill of installation could be taught to a monkey. Our building process has become as Unnatural as possible and it's not likely we'll go back.

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    Eric Rawlings AIA
    Owner
    Rawlings Design, Inc.
    Decatur GA
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  • 4.  RE:Sustainability

    Posted 09-01-2011 03:29 PM
    You can get the best training for a job, but if no one wants it, you are not going to be used. Yes, we all had "sustainable/green" education as architects, but until now, the public was not interested. (Case in point: Carter's solar panels on the White House that came off when the next administration came into power.) Should we as architects advocated more... probably.... but most of the time it was beating you head against a wall, but now sustainability is in fashion for one reason or another.

    The problem is that in the building industry, most sustainability is achieved through technology and not design....again....case in point...LEED points and the new Green Codes. That is a hard pill to swallow for architects, because we have been trained to solve problems with good design and use technology as back up, not the other way around.

    We also we recognize that a building is at its peak when the users use it correctly and get in harmony with the building within its surrounding environments, but as many post op reports coming back show, the users are not using the building properly and so the building is not functioning as it was designed, which kinda kills the whole intent of creating a "perfect green" building. 

    You can not create sustainable environments through technology. Sustainability is a way of life, which is hard to regulate and quantify. That is why we architects are struggling because we know that. Our work is so intimate with human life and that is too abstract for people who want a black and white solution to green buildings.

    The following a friend sent. I think it sums up our "green" world today.
      The Green Thing
       In the line at the store, the cashier told an older woman that she   should bring her own grocery bags because plastic bags weren't good for  the  environment.  

      

      The woman apologized to him and explained, "We didn't have the green  thing back in my day."


      The clerk responded, "That's our problem today. Your generation did not care enough to save our environment."

     

      He was right -- our generation didn't have the green thing in its day.

     

      Back then, we returned milk bottles, soda bottles and beer bottles to the store. The store sent them back to the plant to be washed and sterilized and refilled, so it could use the same bottles over and over. So they really were recycled.

     

      Back then, we washed the baby's diapers because we didn't have the  throw-away kind. We dried clothes on a line, not in an energy gobbling  machine burning up 220 volts -- wind and solar power really did dry the  clothes. Kids got hand-me-down clothes from their brothers or sisters,  not always brand-new clothing. 


      Back then, we had one TV, or radio, in the house -- not a TV in every  room. And the TV had a small screen the size of a handkerchief (remember them?), not a screen the size of the state of Montana .  In the kitchen, we blended and stirred by hand because we didn't have  electric machines to do everything for us.  When we packaged a fragile item to send in the mail, we used a wadded  up old newspaper to cushion it, not Styrofoam or plastic bubble wrap.

     

      Back then, we didn't fire up an engine and burn gasoline just to cut  the lawn. We used a push mower that ran on human power. We exercised  by working so we didn't need to go to a health club to run on  treadmills that operate on electricity.

      

      We drank from a fountain when we were thirsty instead of using a cup or  a plastic bottle every time we had a drink of water. We refilled  writing pens with ink instead of buying a new pen, and we replaced the  razor blades in a razor instead of throwing away the whole razor just  because the blade got dull.

     

       Back then, people took the streetcar or a bus and kids rode their bikes  to school or walked instead of turning their moms into a 24-hour taxi  service. We had one electrical outlet in a room, not an entire bank of  sockets to power a dozen appliances. And we didn't need a computerized  gadget to receive a signal beamed from satellites 2,000 miles out in

      space in order to find the nearest pizza joint.

    But we didn't have the green thing back then.

     

      But isn't it sad the current generation laments how wasteful we old  folks were just because we didn't have the green thing back then?


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    Sally Anne Smith AIA
    Smith Architectural Studio
    Carmel Highlands, CA
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  • 5.  RE:Sustainability

    Posted 08-31-2011 10:42 AM

    George,
    I agree with you that environmental responsiveness should be the first responsibility of architects. It is what I too was taught years ago in architecture school....but then the 80's and 90's happened and we, as an industry, got so clever at trumping the environment....we could put any building anywhere and make it work through the magic of design and engineering.

    I am now director of sustainability for my firm, and my goal is to make my position unnecessary, because all our team has all the expertise they need and all our clients hold efficiency and environmental impact as a high priority. I'm not there yet, but continuing to work on it...

    Betsy del Monte
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    Elizabeth del Monte FAIA
    Principal
    The Beck Group
    Dallas TX
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  • 6.  RE:Sustainability

    Posted 09-01-2011 08:00 AM
    Elizabeth,
    Yes, environmental responsiveness IS the beginning of design, and over time designers have successfully removed the blinders that kept them from doing that, layer after layer.  Now we find we're making better buildings, but in a world going more haywire than ever before.  

    Part of the reason seems to be our common blindness to the direct environmental impacts traceable to using money.   My point has been that if the traceable impacts of what money is spent on have now been shown to commonly be just 1/5 of the proven total (i.e. that tracing particular impacts naturally misses the great majority), it's only due diligence to start peeling away the blinders that are keeping us ignorant of that.   www.synapse9.com/SEA

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    Philip Henshaw AIA
    New York NY
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  • 7.  RE:Sustainability

    Posted 08-31-2011 10:47 AM
    Architects lost touch with sustainability with the invention of air conditioning and the modern movement. Critical  Regionalism and those associated with the American Solar Energy Society were still in touch with sustainability, but the rest of the provession did not see this as contemporary enough.  Now that energy prices are much higher, and we are starting to realize what we are doing to the natural environment, there is a new interest in sustainability.  If we look at 18th and 19th Century architecture in this country, that is the most sustainable architecture around.  With the new materials and technology we have today, there is no excuse to not have the best architecture for people and the environment.
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    Edward Cazayoux FAIA
    Principal/architect
    EnvironMental Design
    Breaux Bridge LA
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  • 8.  RE:Sustainability

    Posted 09-01-2011 12:53 PM
    I don't think that architects have lost touch with sustainability.  I find that many architects are a bit unsure of the more technically driven elements of sustainability- and focus on designing great buildings with "green" materials and individual systems.   Is this why some LEED certified buildings use more energy than was expected? 

    For instance, while one can gain LEED credits for designing with a high percentage of the daylighting, it requires expertise beyond that possessed by most architects to ensure that systems work together to keep lights off during daylight hours, and that HVAC systems respond appropriately to spaces with different sun exposure.  Are architects leaving the technological design to others and failing to understand how the systems work themselves?  Is this why the profession of commissioning agent has recently become lucrative?

    As an architect, I now specialize primarily in "sustainable" lighting and daylighting design, and realize that a closely coordinated effect is needed to design buildings that use less energy, not just buildings that use sustainable materials. What happened to the architect's role as project coordinator?  Do architects today play this role effectively? 

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    Donna Leban AIA
    Light/Space/Design
    South Burlington VT
    Co-author of "Lighting Retrofit and Relighting - A Guide to Green Lighting Solutions" Wiley, 2011
    (a book written for non-lighting designers who deal with lighting questions for existing buildings)
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